Lakes of basic dyestuffs



Patented Dec. 7, 1948 LAKESTOFBASIC DYESTUFFS Walter: E; Nessa. Middlesexgz. J1}. assignor: tm American Cyanamid-cCompanygzNew York- Y-., awcorppraztion .ofiMaine' No Drawing. Application December-10,"1'943;'

Serial-No. 513 715 'Ilhiseinventionzrelates;toipigment;compositions? f mintagi'ioyprintingainks ,1 particularly. rotogravuref printlngi-inkszconta-inings.lakes of: basic dyestuffs. Bi'ginspeedzintaglioppninting; particularly high speedijrotbgravmes; printing; hasxgivenx' rise to" a: number: of pitohlemsi speedsoilthe sprinting; inks? using: di'yin'g oil' vare nis'hes cannotwhel-usedieffic iently because: thezink hasdimdme almostimmediately,- frequentlyrby passing thBiPlilltEdiShEEfi? rapidly through a: flamesan'd; tlienefore; volatiles-vehicles; have: to: be; used vfor' rapid work... aimturnrhas. raised. a: series: of problems .as far "as .colorsraire concerned Many. colormwhiohr areeizeadilyt'dispersedlby grindin'gi'in; asd-ming oiltmllzrrottwettreadilytwithi volatile inkx vehiclesaandihence will: resultinldispersicns which are incomplete and givev poortinctorial value on printing. On the other hand; the pigment must notr'bessolublezinz-tlie vehicles: otherwi'sexa its bleeds andr-shamgzprintsz arem otmeadi'ly "obtainable.

Thwabove requirements: have :m'ade the: choice oh pigmntmdifiicults- Mame-pigments used; pninting are? lahesezthat is torsamwaten insolublel salts imwhicheeithersthe: basio or thecacidic com penentg.onbothsarezcoloredz. Some of fthebright esticnlorsl'anesobtainedz from: lakes of basic? dye-- stuflsnf thepolyarylmethane series; th'at is-to say, dyestufisiiiofi-ithisseries'whicha are free-.fromrsule ionimgmupsc and which: contain. amino; groupsor: substituted amino groups; These? lakes are ofifieni'mefenred ito ass-toners because they are fre quentiysusedii-n connection with carbonnblaok onother: pigmentst ztoi produce changes intone or sliazdezl Semen lakes: of; basic; dyestuffs have been rosinat'es :thatsiszto say: the salt of thesbas-ic dye stufi witlicazbieticz and fsimil'aiv rzos-in acids 4 usuallyassociated with:insolu'blemetal rosiriates. These pigment compositions are not entirely satisfactory for rotogravure inks'because" they are soluble to acousiderableextent. in the Volatile-fink vehicles andthence causetbleeding, v I Another type? of. pigment. compositions constie tuties;lakes.- oi; the.:basic dyestufis. with ,vaiziouss, naturajrtanningeagentss. Theseeare probably come." poundslinlth'elnatllreofisalts; and-:are. often prey p-aredgwithe antimony salts-3 which. reactewlthathe: tanning agents: to. produce. antimony; complexes. Theses-pigment. while.- not soluble-in. the volatile printing; ink-s VEhiClBSE are; not: easily wetted thenugandiddnw disperse readily or. uniformly; Besidesithemareeratherxhardz andldifiicultto comeminute.-. They therefore, .produceprintsof: relaativelttlow tinctorial value. i Tlieopresent. invention-is based :on-theidiseovery' tliatniihtlie. complexes vofz-the basicdyesswith-s net:

20 Claims. v(c1. 1067-2899 Because of: the: extreme 2'. I ural 1 tanningragents :with or withoutumetal-s: such? as antimony: are: extendedi with. water insoluble-w soaps-la: product :is; obtained: which -is' not .i soluble. imthe volatile: printing-rink vehicles: but WhiChi'iSi'. readily; wettedi and? dispersed. In other: wordsn. a-producttisrobtained which has all of the -advane tages ofilakea of basic: dyes: wi-tlrnatural tanning-i agentsran'dfl akes Wlth'lOSll'l' acids 'andratithe ,samec time doesznot'have any ofithe disadvantages rot: either; It-:is thusapossiblexfor therfirst timezatol producepigment lakes froimbasic dyesxwhichcan'z be used in high speed rotogravure printingr-with: full-: andzzmimrmminctorial. strength: and": withl excellenitz printl sharpnessz. It is a furthemadva ne 1 tage of: the: present? invention; that; the:v lakes? readilyjblendzwithvothen pigmentssuchzas carbomz bla'cka While: the. present invention; is. not limitedzatoe the: use ofaany particulaiz basic-v polyanylmethane:

- dyestuff, commercially. thezmostfrimpontant'dyea stufisof th-isserieslwhicl'ncambe usediinnthe presienti-invenztiom are methyt'viole 3; the; fubhsines-,z.- crystals violetgt. malachite? course;-..includd:and tare sometimes: used: to: preeducmpanticularz shades. I

The natural: tanning regents: Offthe presenttina ventiom are: in; genenalipl'renolicr compounds andi belong either toathe-r cla'ssz.c ffthe= condensedirnon hydrolyzabie:tanningatagents such as the;- queebnachostcatechus, etc; .or to thea class of thev Hy drolyzaioleztanningsagents suchra's'thetanninsathe densities-J and glucosid'esz' The acid. phenolic groupsaofnthei natural: tanning agents appear. to:

reaotwitli theab'asict mups of:thexbasicidyestulfae pnecipitatingithemiinrthe ffllm-iofi sa'lt m salt like bodiesaandl-as has been stated abovexthe tanning agentss sometimes transfbrmedi into heavy metal complexes sucl'i as-= antimony complexes which-are also capable of reaction with-the basicdyestufi? Throughout the specification an 1" claims: theexpressicn natural tanning agent 'i used' toz'coven these phenolic compounds andtheirs metal complexes;

Tlie extenders areinsolub1e= soaps; thattis to say; they" a-re'-- pelt-valiant metal" salts of soaprforming acids. These include high'euf'a'ttw acids; saturated or unsaturated such as oleic, stearic, palmitic, lauric, myristic, linoleic, and the like; naphthen-ic .a-ei'ds nosi1r.acids =sucli' as abietic; acid, and 'the'ilikeii The" metals; which". form=.the insol uhlessoapss are? the; common: on'esrsuch as barium; aluminum;;zinc:.calcimman'd,thelike.. While the-e pr esentainventionr. iit: itsaliroaden aspects -is not green;v brilliant; reen; rhodamimas; ,tlriewictoriaebluesg: autamine; andithe liheza. Mixtures ofrvarious basic/dyestuffs areaoff,

limited to the. use of a particular water insoluble soap, I prefer soaps made from the rosin acids. It is in no sense necessary to use pure soap-forming acids. On the contrary, mixtures such as are obtained from natural products work satisfactorily; thus, for example, rosin is in no sense abietic acid but contains mixtures of rosin acids. The fact that it is not necessary to isolate a particular soap acid for purposes of the present invention is a practical advantage as the cheap mixtures obtainable from natural products may be employed. The method by which the lakes and the insoluble soap extenders are prepared is not critical. There are several methods by which the result may be achieved. The present invention is not limited to any particular method, but I prefer to disperse the toner, that is to say, the compound obtained by reaction of the basic dyestuff with a natural tanning agent or its metal complex in a solution of the alkaline metal salt of the soap-forming acid or acids followed by precipitation of the water insoluble soap by the addition of a water soluble salt of the corresponding polyvalent metal. The soa'p extender is thus precipitated on the particles of the toner and a very clo-se combination of the two is obtained. At the same time, the covering of the individual pigment particles by the soap tends to prevent ag-- glomeration in subsequent use and this is an additional advantage of the product of the present invention when prepared by this preferred method.

Other methods of incorporating the insoluble soap with the toner may be employed. Thus, for example, the toner may be dispersed in an aqueous solution of the polyvalent metal and the soap solution may then be added to this dispersion. It is also possible to prepare the water insoluble soap separately and mix it with the toner by various dispersing and blending means.

It is a further advantage of the present invention that the normal methods of preparing the toners prior to combination with the water insoluble soaps are not materially affected by the present invention and standard methods and equipment may, therefore, be used. It will be apparent, of course, that it is just as desirable to produ'cethe toner in the form of finely divided particles to give good tinctorial strength when it is to be incorporated in compositions of the present invention as it is when the toner is to be used for other purposes. The initial particle size of the toner determines to a considerable extent the strength of the rotogravure ink pigment finally obtained, and it is an advantage of the present invention that when toners of fine particle size are prepared the incorporation of the metal soap does not cause agglomeration and in fact the preferred method of the present invention actually prevents subsequent agglomeration. Thepresent invention, therefore, presents an instance where valuable new properties are given to an old product without any disadvantages. The new results are obtained with no compromises of quality or economical production.-

The invention will bedescribed in connection with the following specific examples, the parts being by weight.

Example 1 I V 330 parts of quebraoho are dissolved in boiling water. 43 parts of antimony in the form of tartar emetic (potassium antimonyl tartrate) are added with stirring until a uniform dispersion of the antimony complex of the quebracho is obtained.

4 The dispersion of the complex tanning agent is then run into 235 parts of methyl violet, CI-680, in the form of an aqueous solution maintained at about 70 C. A precipitate results, the toner being obtained in the form of an aqueous slurry to which is added rosinate prepared by boiling 675 parts of W. W. wood rosin with an aqueous solution of 121 parts of caustic soda and 13.5 parts of soda ash. After thorough incorporation of the sodium rosinate with the slurry of the toner 280 parts of barium chloride dihydrate in the form of a aqueous solution is added with stirring. The lake produced is filtered and dried at 80 0., preferably under reduced pressure. The dry product is then ground and is a fugitive violet 1 toner capable of incorporation in high speed intaglio inks.

Example 2 300 parts of quebracho are dissolved in boiling water; the solution of tanning agent is then run into 235 parts of Brilliant Green C. I. 662, in the form of an aqueous solution maintained at about- 70 C. A precipitate results, the toner being-obtained in the form of an aqueous slurry to which, is added rosinate prepared by boiling 6'75parts;

of W. W. wood rosin with an aqueous solution of 121 parts of caustic soda and 13.5 parts of soda ash. After thorough incorporation of the sodium rosinate with the slurry of the toner 280'parts of barium chloride dihydrate in the form of a 0% aqueous solution is added with stirring. The lake produced is filtered and dried at C. preferably under reduced pressure. The dry product is then ground and is a fugitive green toner capable of incorporation in high speed intaglio inks. Example 3 405 parts of quebracho are dissolved in boiling I water. The solution of the tanning agent is then run into 235 parts of Para fuchsine, C; I. 676, in the form of an aqueous solution maintained at about 70 C. A precipitate results, the toner being obtained in the form of an aqueous slurry. To:

this is added, with stirring, a water solution of 53 parts of antimony in the form of tartar emetic (potassium antimonyl tartrate) in order to obtain a more complete precipitation of the dye-' stuff. To this slurry is added an aqueous solution" Alter thorough inr of 600 parts sodium oleate. corporation of the sodium oleate with the slurry of the toner 250 parts of barium chloride dihydrate in the form of a 10% aqueous solution is added with stirring. The lake produced is filtered and dried at 60 C. The dry product isthen ground and is a fugitive red toner capable of incorporation in high speed intaglio inks.

Example 4 460 parts of tannic acid are dissolved in boiling water. The solution of the tanning agent is then (potassium antimonyltartrate) in order we tain a more complete precipitation of the dyestufi. To this slurry is added sodium rosinate prepared by boiling 740 parts of W. W. wood rosin; with an, aqueous solution of 133 parts of caustiosoda and f 14.8 parts of soda ash. After thorough incorporation of the sodium rosinate with'the slurry of, the toner 308 parts of barium chloride dihydrate in the form of a 10% aqueous solution is added with stirring. The lake produced is filtered and dried at ZS-80 C. preferably under reduced pressure. The dry product is then ground by passing through a Mikromill and is a fugitive redtoner capable of incorporation in high speed intaglio inks.

Example 680 parts of tannic acid are dissolved in boiling water. The solution of the tanning agent is then run into 235 parts of Auramine, C. I. 655, in the form of an aqueous solution maintained at about 70 C. A precipitate results, the toner being obtained in the form of an aqueous slurry to which is added an aqueous solution of 675 parts sodium oleate. After thorough incorporation of the sodium oleate with the slurry of the toner 280 parts of barium chloride dihydrate in the form of a aqueous solution is added with stirring. The lake produced is filtered and dried at 60 C. preferably under reduced pressure. The dry product is then ground and is a fugitive yellow toner capable of incorporation in high speed intaglio inks.

I claim:

1. A pigment composition suitable for intaglio printing comprising a reaction product of a basic polyarylmethane dyestuff with a natural tanning agent, and a water insoluble polyvalent metal salt of at least one soap-forming acid.

2. A pigment composition suitable for intaglio printing comprising a reaction product of a basic polyarylmethane dyestuff with a metal complex of a natural tanning agent, and a water insoluble polyvalent metal salt of at least one soap-forming acid.

3. A pigment composition suitable for intaglio printing comprising a reaction product of a basic polyarylmethane dyestuff with an antimony complex of a natural tanning agent, and a water insoluble polyvalent metal salt of at least one soapforming acid.

4. A pigment composition suitable for intaglio printing comprising a reaction product of a basic triarylmethane dyestufi with a natural tanning agent, and a Water insoluble polyvalent metal salt of at least one soap-forming acid.

5. A pigment composition suitable for intaglio printing comprising a reaction product of a basic triarylmethane dyestuff with a metal complex of a natural tanning agent, and a Water insoluble polyvalent metal salt of at least one soap-forming acid.

6. A pigment composition suitable for intaglio printing comprising a reaction product of a basic triarylmethane dyestufi with an antimony complex of a natural tanning agent, and a water insoluble polyvalent metal salt of at least one soapforming acid.

7. A pigment composition suitable for intaglio printing comprising a reaction product of a basic polyarylmethane dyestuff with a quebracho tanning agent, and a water insoluble polyvalent metal salt of at least one soap-forming acid.

8. A pigment composition suitable for intaglio printing comprising a reaction product of a. basic polyarylmethane dyestufi with a metal complex of a quebracho tanning agent, and a water insoluble polyvalent metal salt of at least one soapforming acid.

9. A pigment composition suitable forintaglio printing comprising a reaction product of a basic polyarylmethane dyestufi with an antimony complex of a quebracho tanning agent, and a water insoluble polyvalent metal salt of at least one soap-forming acid.

10. A pigment composition suitable for intaglio printing comprising a reaction product of methyl violet dyestuff With a natural tanning agent, and a water insoluble polyvalent metal salt of at least one soap-forming acid.

11. A composition according to claim 1 in which the polyvalent metal salt of a soap-forming acid is a water insoluble polyvalent metal rosinate.

12. A composition according to claim 2 in which the polyvalent metal salt of a soap-forming acid is a water insoluble polyvalent metal rosinate.

13. A composition according to claim 3 in which the polyvalent metal salt of a soap-forming acid is a water insoluble polyvalent metal rosinate.

14. A composition according to claim 4 in which the polyvalent metal salt of a soap-forming acid is a water insoluble polyvalent metal rosinate.

15. A composition according to claim 5 in which the polyvalent metal salt of a soap-forming acid is a water insoluble polyvalent metal rosinate.

16. A composition according to claim 6 in which the polyvalent metal salt of a soap-forming acid is a water insoluble polyvalent metal rosinate.

17. A composition according to claim 7 in which the polyvalent metal salt of a soap-forming acid is a water insoluble polyvalent metal rosinate.

18. A composition according to claim 8 in which the polyvalent metal salt of a soap-forming acid is a water insoluble polyvalent metal rosinate.

19. A composition according to claim 9 in which the polyvalent metal salt of a soap-forming acid is a water insoluble polyvalent metal rosinate.

20. A composition according to claim 10 in which the polyvalent metal salt of a soap-forming acid is a water insoluble polyvalent metal rosinate.

WALTER E. NESS.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 2,350,520 O'Neal June 6, 1944 2,107,159 Martone Feb. 1, 1938 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 17,635 Great Britain 1891 

